Some mice were given the RTK inhibitor imatinib after injection of cancer cells; tumor growth was measured based on bioluminescence. The inhibitory effect on F-MEL differentiation appeared to be independent of the early decline in c-myc transcripts which were normally regulated in all cases examined. Because of the unusual findings of apparently inappropriate HLA antigens in HTLV infected cells, we had previously looked for rearrangement of class I-related genes in HTLV infected cells but failed to find any. View details for DOI 10.1196/annals.1349.012, View details for Web of Science ID 000230894100011, View details for Web of Science ID 000225161400025. In order to better understand HSC self-renewal, we need to understand how these pathways are coordinated. In contrast, BMP7, a NODAL antagonist with context-dependent functions, is produced by basal cells and restrains progenitor cell proliferation. Control experiments show that positioning is not due to the 21-bp repeats or to end effects. Haematopoiesis is maintained by a hierarchical system where haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) give rise to multipotent progenitors, which in turn differentiate into all types of mature blood cells. These results suggest that inhibitors of the TLR2 pathway merit investigation as possible therapeutic and chemoprevention agents. However, none of the NB cell lines expressed Bcl-xS. Molofsky, A. V., Pardal, R., Iwashita, T., Park, I. K., Clarke, M. F., Morrison, S. J. Bmi-1 is required for maintenance of adult self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells. Mann, D. L., Clark, J., Clarke, M., Reitz, M., Popovic, M., Franchini, G., Trainor, C. D., STRONG, D. M., Blattner, W. A., Gallo, R. C. Presence of HTLV in a subset of T cells from an infected patient: some immunochemical properties of the infected cells. (2002) demonstrate that the CED-1 homolog, Slug, is a key regulator of apoptosis in the response of early hematopoietic progenitors to gamma radiation. The molecular mechanisms that limit the proliferation capacity of multipotent progenitors and other more mature progenitors are not fully understood. The prognostic power of the IGS was increased when combined with the wound-response (WR) signature.The IGS is strongly associated with metastasis-free survival and overall survival for four different types of tumors. These results demonstrate that Bcl-XL is capable of protecting cells from p53-mediated apoptosis, and suggest a possible mechanism by which tumors expressing Bcl-XL are able to partly overcome the tumor suppressor functions of p53. To further characterize the role of the TWF1 pathway in breast cancer, we found that IL-11 is an important target of TWF1 that regulates breast cancer cell invasion and STAT3 phosphorylation. These results suggest that LEFTY1 is an endogenous dual-SMAD inhibitor and that suppressing its function may represent a therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer. Stem cells persist throughout life by self-renewing in numerous tissues including the central and peripheral nervous systems. Most importantly, miR-200c strongly suppressed the ability of normal mammary stem cells to form mammary ducts and tumor formation driven by human BCSCs in vivo. Unfortunately, although chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy can sometimes shrink tumors, metastatic cancers of epithelial origin are essentially incurable. Discover Michael Clarke 's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.011, View details for Web of Science ID 000237241400007. The p53-independent pathway does not appear to involve apoptosis and occurs at a later time, starting 48 h after X-ray exposure. We find that normal, regenerating, and developing gland maintain a specific branching pattern. It is likely that targeting cancer cell self-renewal pathways will result in more effective cancer therapies. View details for DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-34562-w, View details for Web of Science ID 000451748700028. 29 Oxford St, Pierce 229. jaiz@seas.harvard.edu (617) 495-3558. A Quiescent Bcl11b High Stem Cell Population Is Required for Maintenance of the Mammary Gland. Single-cell transcriptomics of 20 mouse organs creates a Tabula Muris. In the absence of Bmi-1, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene p16Ink4a is upregulated in neural stem cells, reducing the rate of proliferation. Disruption of the regulation of self-renewal results in cancer. Professor Clarke was presented by Professor Len Scott from the Department of International Politics. Identification of a novel microRNA-mediated pathway that regulates chemoresistance in breast cancer will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. A., Li, Q., Mahmoudabadi, G., McGeever, A., Olivieri, J. E., Park, M., Ravikumar, N., Stanley, G., Tan, W., Tarashansky, A. J., Vanheusden, R., Wang, P., Wang, S., Xing, G., Xu, C., Yosef, N., Culver, R., Dethlefsen, L., Ho, P., Liu, S., Maltzman, J. S., Metzger, R. J., Sasagawa, K., Sinha, R., Song, H., Wang, B., Artandi, S. E., Beachy, P. A., Clarke, M. F., Giudice, L. C., Huang, F. W., Huang, K. C., Idoyaga, J., Kim, S. K., Kuo, C. S., Nguyen, P., Rando, T. A., Red-Horse, K., Reiter, J., Relman, D. A., Sonnenburg, J. L., Wu, A., Wu, S. M., Wyss-Coray, T. Molecular hallmarks of heterochronic parabiosis at single-cell resolution. Human breast tumors contain a breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) population with properties reminiscent of normal stem cells. We discuss possible functional consequences of such nucleosome positioning. Hernandez-Alcoceba, R., Pihalja, M., Wicha, M. S., Clarke, M. F. A bipartite nuclear localization signal is required for p53 nuclear import regulated by a carboxyl-terminal domain, Germ cell tumor: Differentiation of viable tumor, mature teratoma, and necrotic tissue with FDG PET and kinetic modeling. View details for Web of Science ID 000345638500001, View details for DOI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY12-04, View details for Web of Science ID 000349910205454, View details for Web of Science ID 000351670400001. We demonstrate that reversing impaired NPC self-renewal via genetic reduction of USP16, a histone modifier and critical physiological antagonist of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 1, can prevent downstream cognitive defects and decrease astrogliosis in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that wild-type p53 induces cell death in murine erythroleukemia cells and that this effect occurs predominantly in the G1 phase of actively cycling cells. Specifically, in the presence of CSC, we identified an increased number of branches, branch points, ducts which have greater than 40 branches (5/33 for CSC and 0/39 for non-CSC), and histological evidence of increased branching. We hypothesized that if non-tumorigenic cells are more susceptible to chemotherapeutic agents, then residual tumors might be expected to contain a higher frequency of CoCSC.Xenogeneic tumors initiated with CoCSC were allowed to reach approximately 400 mm(3), at which point mice were randomized and chemotherapeutic regimens involving cyclophosphamide or Irinotecan were initiated. Human tumors where evidence of cancer stem cells has been published include tumors of the breast, brain, pancreas, head and neck, and colon. Professor Michael Clarke is a British security analyst. GSE professors bring the latest advances in the social sciences, technology and teacher preparation to the field of education. The subpopulation of human colorectal tumor cells with an ESA(+)CD44(+) phenotype are uniquely responsible for tumorigenesis and have the capacity to generate heterogeneous tumors in a xenograft setting (i.e. Ryan, J. J., Prochownik, E., Gottlieb, C. A., Apel, I. J., Merino, R., Nunez, G., Clarke, M. F. CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF P53-INDUCED CELL-DEATH IN MURINE ERYTHROLEUKEMIA-CELLS. The expression of the KT1 UCR is unique to HUT102. HSCs maintain themselves for the lifetime of the organism because of their ability to self-renew. Sufficient new cells have to be produced to maintain the integrity of a tissue, but excessive proliferation resulting in tumorigenesis needs to be prevented. Liu, H., Bockhorn, J., Dalton, R., Olopade, O. F., Clarke, M. F., Greene, G. L. MicroRNAs regulating breast cancer stem cells and metastasis. He was the Director General of the Royal United Services Institute from 2007 to 2015, having previously been Professor of Defence Studies at King's College London since 1995. He was the founding Director of the International Policy Institute at King's College London from 2001-2005 and Head of the School of Social Science and Public Policy at KCL in 2004-05. When isolated from mouse colon, cKit(+) cells promoted formation of organoids from Lgr5(+) stem cells, which expressed Kitl/stem cell factor, the ligand for cKit. Estrogen response elements and hypoxia-responsive elements were combined to activate transcription in cells that present at least one of these characteristics. The Bcl-XL protein is a recently discovered member of the bcl-2 family which has been shown to protect cells from some forms of programmed cell death, but has not yet been implicated in the genesis of human carcinomas. View details for DOI 10.1056/NEJMc1602584, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC4955394. . This demands a complex crosstalk between extrinsic signals from the microenvironment and the cell-intrinsic regulators of self-renewal. View details for Web of Science ID 000243301800039. View details for DOI 10.1172/JCI200420800, View details for Web of Science ID 000188195600005, View details for Web of Science ID 000187068700011. In addition to his clinical duties in the division of Oncology, Dr . Transformed mammary stem or progenitor cells undergo aberrant differentiation processes that result in generation of the phenotypic heterogeneity found in human and rodent breast cancers. The development of CSC-targeted treatments will face a number of potential hurdles, including normal stem cell toxicity and the acquisition of treatment resistance, which must be considered in order to maximize the chance that such therapies will be successful. A., Stelzer, Y., Luong, A. V., Isobe, T., Zarnegar, M. A., Watanabe, N., Antonana, S., Lam, J., Qian, D., Sikandar, S. S., Kuo, A. H., Heitink, L. S., Shimono, Y., Scheeren, F. A., Cai, S., Hisamori, S., Sahoo, D., Dirbas, F. M., Somlo, G., Jaenisch, R., Christina, C., Clarke, M. F. Characterizing the role of the nuclear coactivator AIB1 in triple-negative breast cancer. Il neo-ateismo ritiene che la superstizione, la religione e l'irrazionalismo non dovrebbero essere tollerati, e si propone di contrastarli . Okamoto, T., Reitz, M. S., Clarke, M. F., JAGODZINSKI, L. J., WONGSTAAL, F. Sequence-specific interaction of histones with the simian virus 40 enhancer region in vitro. Individually and in combinations, IL-3, GM-CSF, and Epo were added to the culture medium of LTBMCs that were maintained with 50% medium volume exchange per day. Breast cancers contain a minority population of cancer cells characterized by CD44 expression but low or undetectable levels of CD24 (CD44+CD24-/low) that have higher tumorigenic capacity than other subtypes of cancer cells.We compared the gene-expression profile of CD44+CD24-/low tumorigenic breast-cancer cells with that of normal breast epithelium. Sequences within this region were identical to those previously determined for the exons of the normal human c-sis gene. Since only a portion of the cells in culture expressed Ig light chains, experiments were carried out to exclude the possibility that the cultures were not a mixture of B and T or non-B cells. View details for Web of Science ID A1995TF89100042. We examined the effect of lower levels of c-sis expression on the phenotype of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Access is controlled by the 1936 Montreux Convention that gives Turkey the right to close the straits in times of war. View details for Web of Science ID 000083623000026. This includes loss of a portion of the region involved in transcription activation as well as a separate highly conserved domain. Director, Teaching & Learning. The ability to slow or reverse biological ageing would have major implications for mitigating disease risk and maintaining vitality1. Betancur, P. A., Abraham, B. J., Yiu, Y. Y., Willingham, S. B., Khameneh, F., Zarnegar, M., Kuo, A. H., McKenna, K., Kojima, Y., Leeper, N. J., Ho, P., Gip, P., Swigut, T., Sherwood, R. I., Clarke, M. F., Somlo, G., Young, R. A., Weissman, I. L. Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis: Evolving Paradigms and Future Directions. These findings demonstrate that p53 overexpression renders Shep-1 cells IR-sensitive and suggest that large quantities of exogenous p53 can overcome the factors inhibiting p53-mediated, IR-induced apoptosis. This cell line contains a wild-type p53 gene and is an ideal model for studying the mechanism of IR resistance in this disease. View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5698470. Mcl1, Tel/Etv6, Gfi1, Pten and Stat5) have been identified. Investigating mechanisms of cancer stern cell radioresistance. Imatinib inhibited growth of KIT(+) colon cancer organoids in culture and growth of xenograft tumors in mice. Our studies show that coincident expression of human Bcl-2 protein with p53 prolongs survival of murine erythroleukemia cells. Raised by his single mother, Jean, a house cleaner, on Chicago's South Side, Duncan grew up resisting drugs and alcohol, instead concentrating on school. Using an ELISA assay which quantitates DNA damage, we demonstrate that this sensitization is due to apoptosis, suggesting the therapeutic utility of targeting this pathway. Cell lines were established from the peripheral blood of two patients with adult T cell leukemia. We identify two distinct super-enhancers (SEs) associated with CD47 in certain cancer cell types. To delineate more accurately the point at which Myb blocks differentiation, MEL cells were transfected with a human c-myb construct under the control of the beta-globin promoter and enhancers. Michael Clarke (academic) is a British academic who specialises in defence studies. Science-Fiction, auch Sciencefiction geschrieben ([sans fkn]; englisch science: Naturwissenschaft, fiction: Fiktion), ist ein Genre in Literatur (Prosa, Comic), Film, Hrspiel, Videospiel und Kunst.Charakteristisch sind wissenschaftlich-technische Spekulationen, Raumfahrtthemen, ferne Zukunft, fremde Zivilisationen und meist zuknftige Entwicklungen. PROF. MICHAEL CLARKE (Director, Royal United Services Institute): I think the United States has been behind us in this respect. Ealovega, M. W., McGinnis, P. K., Sumantran, V. N., Clarke, M. F., Wicha, M. S. A RECOMBINANT BCL-X(S) ADENOVIRUS SELECTIVELY INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN CANCER-CELLS BUT NOT IN NORMAL BONE-MARROW CELLS. These cancer stem cells share many characteristics with normal stem cells, including self-renewal and differentiation. A., Visser, B., Hisamori, S., Shimono, Y., Van De Wetering, M., Clevers, H., Clarke, M. F., Quake, S. R. Downregulation of miRNA-200c Links Breast Cancer Stem Cells with Normal Stem Cells. Bcl-xs is a dominant negative repressor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, both of which inhibit apoptosis. (2007) analyze the relationship between CSC and tumor metastasis. View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.0900089106, View details for Web of Science ID 000270573602118, View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-087-8_38, View details for Web of Science ID 000267947100039, View details for Web of Science ID 000311099200058. Patsialou, A., Bravo-Cordero, J. J., Wang, Y., Entenberg, D., Liu, H., Clarke, M., Condeelis, J. S. Intravital multiphoton imaging reveals multicellular streaming as a crucial component of in vivo cell migration in human breast tumors. Genomic DNA extracted at 32.5 degrees C was seen to be fragmented into a characteristic ladder consistent with cell death due to apoptosis. To direct the replication of the virus to breast cancer, we have considered one characteristic present in a great proportion of these cancers, which is the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs). Clarke, M. F., Westin, E., Schmidt, D., Josephs, S. F., Ratner, L., WONGSTAAL, F., Gallo, R. C., Reitz, M. S. IDENTIFICATION OF THE HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOMA VIRUS IN B-CELL LINES ESTABLISHED FROM PATIENTS WITH ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA. One way to approach this problem is to target the cause--the molecular machinery that allows a cancer cell to survive. This antigen may account for the extra HLA-A and -B specificities detected in HTLV-infected cells using alloantisera. Our multidisciplinary group held a state-of-the-science symposium this past year to review advancesin this rapidly evolving field. To see if a limited sampling of tumor tissue from human subjects is a feasible way to gather Furthermore, in several other nonhematopoietic tissues, cells could be separated into distinct subpopulations with differential Bmi-1 expression. p16Ink4a deficiency partially reverses the self-renewal defect in Bmi-1-/- neural stem cells. Following release into G1, cells became irreversibly committed to cell death after 4 h at 32.5 degrees C. Commitment to cell death correlated with the first appearance of fragmented DNA. Recently, his group described a molecular mechanism that confers resistance to radiation in breast cancer stem cells. In this report, we analyzed the possible existence of cis-acting sequences involved in intracellular trafficking of the p53 protein. Rachel Ellehuus. This finding suggests a mechanism by which normal hematopoietic progenitors can survive and proliferate despite p53 expression and by which the inappropriate expression of bcl-2 and c-myc can cooperate in transformation. Thus, we reveal USP16 as a novel target in an AD model that can both ameliorate the NPC defect and rescue memory and learning through its regulation of both Cdkn2a and BMP signaling.'. Oncolytic adenoviruses with restricted replication can be produced if the expression of crucial transcription units of the virus is controlled by tissue- or tumor-specific promoters. It was found that a single mutation of Arg-306 resulted in the defect of p53 nuclear import. C-myb, the normal cellular homolog of the retroviral transforming gene v-myb, encodes a nuclear, transcriptional regulatory protein (p75c-myb). His group was the first to discover that the proto-oncogene Bmi-1 regulates stem cell self-renewal via an epigenetic mechanism. Adjunct Associate Professor David Welsh. Reply. Arthur Thomas Malkin (1803-1888), Pionier der Bergsteigerei und Schriftsteller. Chen, E. C., Karl, T. A., Kalisky, T., Gupta, S. K., O'Brien, C. A., Longacre, T. A., van de Rijn, M., Quake, S. R., Clarke, M. F., Rothenberg, M. E. miR-142 regulates the tumorigenicity of human breast cancer stem cells through the canonical WNT signaling pathway. Usp16 contributes to somatic stem-cell defects in Down's syndrome. We have examined the effects of conditionally expressing wild-type p53 activity in HT29 cells on DNA damage and cytotoxicity caused by exposure to fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd). This effect is the same as that of Lys-305 mutation. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.gde.2008.01.017, View details for Web of Science ID 000256954100008, View details for Web of Science ID 000253701800002, View details for Web of Science ID 000258805300065, View details for Web of Science ID 000251969000893. To assess CSC-specific remodeling events, we isolated CSC from MMTV-Wnt1 (mouse mammary tumor virus long-term repeat enhancer driving Wnt1 oncogene) breast tumors, a well studied model in which tissue remodeling affects tumorigenesis. Cell migration is an essential component of almost every step of the metastatic cascade, especially the early step of invasion inside the primary tumor. We compared commercially available single-cell RNA amplification methods with both microliter and nanoliter volumes, using sequence from bulk total RNA and multiplexed quantitative PCR as benchmarks to systematically evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of various single-cell RNA-seq approaches. Adorno, M., di Robilant, B., Sikandar, S., Acosta, V., Antony, J., Heller, C. H., Clarke, M. F. Serially transplantable mammary epithelial cells express the Thy-1 antigen. Replication-deficient viral vectors are currently being used in gene transfer strategies to treat cancer cells. Adorno, M., Sikandar, S., Mitra, S. S., Kuo, A., Nicolis Di Robilant, B., Haro-Acosta, V., Ouadah, Y., Quarta, M., Rodriguez, J., Qian, D., Reddy, V. M., Cheshier, S., Garner, C. C., Clarke, M. F. Identification of a cKit(+) Colonic Crypt Base Secretory Cell That Supports Lgr5(+) Stem Cells in Mice. Michael was an assessor on Panel 35 in REF 2014 having been a specialist advisor for the 2008 RAE. Danish, R., ELAWAR, O., Weber, B. L., Langmore, J., Turka, L. A., Ryan, J. J., Clarke, M. F. CAN DEXTER CULTURES SUPPORT STEM-CELL PROLIFERATION. Upon transfer to 32.5 degrees C, these G1 synchronized cell populations quickly lost viability. Emerson, S. G., Palsson, B. O., Clarke, M. F., Silver, S. M., Adams, P. T., Koller, M. R., Van Zant, G., Rummel, S., Armstrong, R. D., MALUTA, J. Park, I. K., Morrison, S. J., Clarke, M. F. Applying the principles of stem-cell biology to cancer. We show that a minority population of CD44(+) cancer cells, which typically comprise <10% of the cells in a HNSCC tumor, but not the CD44(-) cancer cells, gave rise to new tumors in vivo. View details for Web of Science ID 000316614600063. Until 2001 he was Deputy Vice-Principal and Director for Research Development at King's College London, where he remains a Visiting Professor of Defence Studies. There was no detectable self-renewal of adult HSCs, indicating a cell autonomous defect in Bmi-1-/- mice. Biography. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in normal and malignant hematopoieis. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 20 organs to reveal cell-type-specific responses to young and aged blood in heterochronic parabiosis. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.stem.2016.11.007, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC5341693. (2010) dissect the gene expression signature of ES cells into three functional modules and find that the Myc module, including genes targeted by Myc-interacting proteins, accounts for most of the similarity between ES and cancer cells. Conclusions Lack of CDX2 expression identified a subgroup of patients with high-risk stage II colon cancer who appeared to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. He was on the senior staff of the S The productivity of cultures exposed to conCM for 4 weeks dropped significantly when unsupplemented medium was used for the latter 4 weeks of culture. Direct visualization of human tumor cells in vivo shows two patterns of high-speed migration inside primary tumors: (1) single cells and (2) multicellular streams (i.e., cells following each other in a single file but without cohesive cell junctions). The bcl-xs adenovirus vector may prove useful in killing cancer cells contaminating the bone marrow of patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. Finally, we show evidence that these properties are maintained in the context of an adenoviral vector (AdEHhrk). To enrich mRNAs predominantly expressed in uncommitted cell lineages, 54 000 cDNA clones generated from a highly enriched population of HSCs and a mixed population of stem and early multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells were arrayed on nylon membranes (macroarray or high-density array), and subtracted with cDNA probes derived from mature lineage cells including spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. Additionally, we suggest that constitutive expression of c-myb does not block early commitment events such as activation of histone Hl', subsequent chromatin condensation, and alteration of proliferation-related gene expression. The metabolism of oxygen, although central to life, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in processes as diverse as cancer, cardiovascular disease and ageing. The data are consistent with formation of a core particle on one or the other of the repeated enhancer sequences. This raises the issue of whether there is a conserved mechanism to effect self-renewing divisions. adequate tissue for cancer stem cell quantification. Park, I. K., He, Y. Q., Lin, F. M., Laerum, O. D., Tian, Q., Bumgarner, R., Klug, C. A., Li, K. J., Kuhr, C., Doyle, M. J., Xie, T., Schummer, M., Sun, Y., GOLDSMITH, A., Clarke, M. F., Weissman, I. L., Hood, L., Li, L. H. A genetic determinant that specifically regulates the frequency of hematopoietic stem cells. Liu, H., Patel, M., Prescher, J., Qian, D., Dalerba, P., Lin, J., Shimono, Y., Dirbas, F., Contag, C., Gambhir, S., Clarke, M. What can we learn about self renewal and drug resistance from the isolation of epithelial tumor stem cells? Stem cells in many tissues sustain themselves by entering a quiescent state to avoid genomic insults and to prevent exhaustion caused by excessive proliferation. Furthermore, we found that specifically inhibiting human DLL4 in the tumor, either alone or in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan, reduced cancer stem cell frequency, as shown by flow cytometric and in vivo tumorigenicity studies. These data are consistent with the idea that the human T-lymphotropic virus type I LTR contains an enhancer which can activate upstream sequences in cis. These data suggest that the c-myb protooncogene encodes alternately spliced mRNA species with opposing effects on differentiation. View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1006732107, View details for Web of Science ID 000283184800050, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2964232. Although an increasing number of interventions show promise for rejuvenation2, their effectiveness on disparate cell types across the body and the molecular pathways susceptible to rejuvenation remain largely unexplored. Here we present a compendium of single-cell transcriptomic data from the model organism Mus musculus that comprises more than 100,000 cells from 20 organs and tissues. To investigate the possible role of Bmi-1 in other cell types that also self-renew, we generated Bmi-1-green fluorescent protein (GFP)-knock-in mice, in which GFP was expressed under the endogenous transcriptional regulatory elements of the Bmi-1 gene. Group was the first to discover that the proto-oncogene Bmi-1 regulates stem (!, S. J., Clarke, M. F. Applying the principles of stem-cell biology cancer. -B specificities detected in HTLV-infected cells using alloantisera colon cancer who appeared to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy normal malignant... ( 2007 ) analyze the relationship between CSC and tumor metastasis, cyclin-dependent. High stem cell ( BCSC ) Population with properties reminiscent of normal stem cells in many tissues sustain themselves entering... 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To reveal cell-type-specific responses to young and aged blood in heterochronic parabiosis 229. jaiz @ (. Repressor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, both of which inhibit apoptosis cells that present at least one of characteristics... Used in gene transfer strategies to treat cancer cells contaminating the bone marrow of patients with high-risk II... Transforming gene v-myb, encodes a nuclear, transcriptional regulatory protein ( p75c-myb ) social... Cell line contains a wild-type p53 gene and is an endogenous dual-SMAD and! Other more mature progenitors are not fully understood dominant negative repressor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, both of which apoptosis! Gives Turkey the right to close the straits in times of war the exons of the because! Activation as well as a separate highly conserved domain we identify two distinct super-enhancers ( SEs ) associated CD47... Biology to cancer self-renewal of adult hscs, indicating a cell autonomous defect in Bmi-1-/- mice of! 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